Every New York State Next Generation Learning Standard that the DOE’s released SHSAT questions on this site test: its official wording, how many questions test it, and in which years. Each standard links to its questions and to the official document it comes from.
Which topics and standards come up most often: how often each topic and standard is tested
The standards are the site’s own analysis of each question; the DOE does not say which standards its questions test.
Math
Official text: New York State Next Generation Mathematics Learning Standards (2017) (opens in a new window)
Grade 6: Ratios and Proportional Relationships
6.RP.1 Ratio concepts and language
Understand the concept of a ratio and use ratio language to describe a ratio relationship between two quantities.
Tested by 9 questions, printed 17 times. (2018: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 7)
See the 9 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.RP.2 Unit rate concept
Understand the concept of a unit rate a/b associated with a ratio a:b with b ≠ 0 (b not equal to zero), and use rate language in the context of a ratio relationship.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 4 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 1)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.RP.3 Ratio and rate reasoning
Use ratio and rate reasoning to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 17 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 6)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.RP.3a Tables of equivalent ratios
Make tables of equivalent ratios relating quantities with whole-number measurements, find missing values in the tables, and plot the pairs of values on the coordinate plane. Use tables to compare ratios.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 2)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.RP.3b Unit rate problems
Solve unit rate problems.
Tested by 18 questions, printed 33 times. (2018: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2026: 12)
See the 18 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.RP.3c Percent as a rate per 100
Find a percent of a quantity as a rate per 100. Solve problems that involve finding the whole given a part and the percent, and finding a part of a whole given the percent.
Tested by 20 questions, printed 27 times. (2018: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 8)
See the 20 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.RP.3d Converting measurement units
Use ratio reasoning to convert measurement units; manipulate and transform units appropriately when multiplying or dividing quantities.
Tested by 17 questions, printed 30 times. (2018: 9 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2026: 11)
See the 17 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 6: The Number System
6.NS.1 Dividing fractions by fractions
Interpret and compute quotients of fractions, and solve word problems involving division of fractions by fractions.
Tested by 16 questions, printed 21 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 9)
See the 16 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.2 Multi-digit division
Fluently divide multi-digit numbers using a standard algorithm.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.3 Multi-digit decimal operations
Fluently add, subtract, multiply, and divide multi-digit decimals using a standard algorithm for each operation.
Tested by 24 questions, printed 35 times. (2018: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2026: 10)
See the 24 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.4 Common factors and multiples
Find the greatest common factor of two whole numbers less than or equal to 100. Use the distributive property to express a sum of two whole numbers 1–100 with a common factor as a multiple of a sum of two whole numbers with no common factor other than 1. Find the least common multiple of two whole numbers less than or equal to 12.
Tested by 14 questions, printed 22 times. (2018: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2026: 7)
See the 14 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.5 Positive and negative numbers
Understand that positive and negative numbers are used together to describe quantities having opposite directions or values. Use positive and negative numbers to represent quantities in real-world contexts, explaining the meaning of 0 in each situation.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 2 times. (2026: 2)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.6c Positioning rational numbers and points
Find and position integers and other rational numbers on a horizontal or vertical number line. Find and position pairs of integers and other rational numbers on a coordinate plane.
Tested by 7 questions, printed 13 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 4)
See the 7 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.7 Ordering and absolute value
Understand ordering and absolute value of rational numbers.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2026: 1)
6.NS.7a Inequality as relative position
Interpret statements of inequality as statements about the relative position of two numbers on a number line.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 6 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.7b Order statements in context
Write, interpret, and explain statements of order for rational numbers in real-world contexts.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2026: 1)
6.NS.7c Absolute value as distance
Understand the absolute value of a rational number as its distance from 0 on the number line. Interpret absolute value as magnitude for a positive or negative quantity in a real-world situation.
Tested by 7 questions, printed 8 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 7 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.NS.7d Absolute value versus order
Distinguish comparisons of absolute value from statements about order.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 2 times. (2024: 2)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 6: Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities
6.EE.1 Whole-number exponent expressions
Write and evaluate numerical expressions involving whole-number exponents.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 2)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.2a Writing algebraic expressions
Write expressions that record operations with numbers and with letters standing for numbers.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 6 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.2b Parts of an expression
Identify parts of an expression using mathematical terms (term, coefficient, sum, difference, product, factor, and quotient); view one or more parts of an expression as a single entity.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 5 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 1)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.2c Evaluating expressions and order of operations
Evaluate expressions given specific values for their variables. Include expressions that arise from formulas in real-world problems. Perform arithmetic operations, including those involving whole-number exponents, in the conventional order (Order of Operations).
Tested by 16 questions, printed 24 times. (2018: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2026: 9)
See the 16 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.3 Generating equivalent expressions
Apply the properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 2 times. (2024: 1 · 2026: 1)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.4 Identifying equivalent expressions
Identify when two expressions are equivalent.
Tested by 1 question, printed 2 times. (2025: 1 · 2026: 1)
6.EE.5 Solutions and substitution
Understand solving an equation or inequality as a process of answering a question: which values from a specified set, if any, make the equation or inequality true? Use substitution to determine whether a given number in a specified set makes an equation or inequality true.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 9 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 2)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.6 Variables representing unknown numbers
Use variables to represent numbers and write expressions when solving a real-world or mathematical problem. Understand that a variable can represent an unknown number, or, depending on the purpose at hand, any number in a specified set.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.7 One-step equations
Solve real-world and mathematical problems by writing and solving equations of the form x + p = q; x – p = q; px = q; and x/p = q for cases in which p, q, and x are all nonnegative rational numbers.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 24 times. (2018: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2026: 7)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.8 Writing simple inequalities
Write an inequality of the form x > c, x ≥ c, x ≤ c, or x < c to represent a constraint or condition in a real-world or mathematical problem. Recognize that inequalities of these forms have infinitely many solutions; represent solutions of such inequalities on a number line.
Tested by 9 questions, printed 14 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 6)
See the 9 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.EE.9 Dependent and independent variables
Use variables to represent two quantities in a real-world problem that change in relationship to one another. Given a verbal context and an equation, identify the dependent variable, in terms of the other quantity, thought of as the independent variable. Analyze the relationship between the dependent and independent variables using graphs and tables, and relate these to the equation.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 4 times. (2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 6: Geometry
6.G.1 Area of polygons
Find area of triangles, trapezoids, and other polygons by composing into rectangles or decomposing into triangles and quadrilaterals. Apply these techniques in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 19 times. (2018: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 5)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.G.2 Volume with fractional edge lengths
Find volumes of right rectangular prisms with fractional edge lengths in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 5 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.G.3 Polygons in the coordinate plane
Draw polygons in the coordinate plane given coordinates for the vertices. Use coordinates to find the length of a side joining points with the same first coordinate or the same second coordinate. Apply these techniques in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 4 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 1)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.G.4 Nets and surface area
Represent three-dimensional figures using nets made up of rectangles and triangles, and use the nets to find the surface area of these figures. Apply these techniques in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 5 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 1)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.G.5 Perfect squares and perfect cubes
Use area and volume models to explain perfect squares and perfect cubes.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 3 times. (2024: 3)
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Grade 6: Statistics and Probability
6.SP.1b Samples and populations
Understand that statistics can be used to gain information about a population by examining a sample of the population; generalizations about a population from a sample are valid only if the sample is representative of that population.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 4 times. (2024: 2 · 2026: 2)
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6.SP.3 Measures of center and variation
Recognize that a measure of center for a quantitative data set summarizes all of its values with a single number while a measure of variation describes how its values vary with a single number.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.5 Summarizing data sets
Summarize quantitative data sets in relation to their context.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.5a Number of observations
Report the number of observations.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 1)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.5c Range, center, and overall pattern
Calculate range and measures of center, as well as describe any overall pattern and any striking deviations from the overall pattern with reference to the context in which the data were gathered.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 19 times. (2018: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2026: 5)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.6 Probability from 0 to 1
Understand that the probability of a chance event is a number between 0 and 1 inclusive, that expresses the likelihood of the event occurring. Larger numbers indicate greater likelihood. A probability near 0 indicates an unlikely event, a probability around 1/2 indicates an event that is neither unlikely nor likely, and a probability near 1 indicates a likely event.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 5 times. (2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.7 Long-run relative frequency
Approximate the probability of a simple event by collecting data on the chance process that produces it and observing its long-run relative frequency, and predict the approximate relative frequency given the probability.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 5 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.8 Probability models for simple events
Develop a probability model and use it to find probabilities of simple events. Compare probabilities from a model to observed frequencies; if the agreement is not good, explain possible sources of the discrepancy.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2026: 1)
6.SP.8a Uniform probability models
Develop a uniform probability model by assigning equal probability to all outcomes, and use the model to determine probabilities of simple events.
Tested by 15 questions, printed 28 times. (2018: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2026: 10)
See the 15 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
6.SP.8b Probability models from observed frequencies
Develop a probability model (which may not be uniform) by observing frequencies in data generated from a chance process.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 4 times. (2018: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Ratios and Proportional Relationships
7.RP.1 Unit rates with fractions
Compute unit rates associated with ratios of fractions.
Tested by 7 questions, printed 7 times. (2024: 3 · 2026: 4)
See the 7 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.RP.2a Testing for proportionality
Decide whether two quantities are in a proportional relationship.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 5 times. (2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.RP.2b Constant of proportionality
Identify the constant of proportionality (unit rate) in tables, graphs, equations, diagrams, and verbal descriptions of proportional relationships.
Tested by 17 questions, printed 21 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 10)
See the 17 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.RP.2c Proportional relationship equations
Represent a proportional relationship using an equation.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 7 times. (2024: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 3)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.RP.2d Points on proportional graphs
Explain what a point (x, y) on the graph of a proportional relationship means in terms of the situation, with special attention to the points (0, 0) and (1, r) where r is the unit rate.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 4 times. (2024: 2 · 2026: 2)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.RP.3 Multistep ratio and percent problems
Use proportional relationships to solve multistep ratio and percent problems.
Tested by 40 questions, printed 56 times. (2018: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2026: 19)
See the 40 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: The Number System
7.NS.1a Opposite quantities making 0
Describe situations in which opposite quantities combine to make 0.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2026: 1)
7.NS.1b Rational number addition
Understand addition of rational numbers; p + q is the number located a distance |q| from p, in the positive or negative direction depending on whether q is positive or negative. Show that a number and its opposite have a sum of 0 (are additive inverses). Interpret sums of rational numbers by describing real-world contexts.
Tested by 6 questions, printed 12 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 3)
See the 6 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.1c Rational number subtraction
Understand subtraction of rational numbers as adding the additive inverse, p – q = p + (–q). Show that the distance between two rational numbers on the number line is the absolute value of their difference, and apply this principle in real-world contexts.
Tested by 24 questions, printed 37 times. (2018: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2025: 7 · 2026: 13)
See the 24 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.1d Properties for adding and subtracting
Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract rational numbers.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 6 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.2a Rational number multiplication
Understand that multiplication is extended from fractions to rational numbers by requiring that operations continue to satisfy the properties of operations, particularly the distributive property, leading to products such as (–1)(–1) = 1 and the rules for multiplying signed numbers. Interpret products of rational numbers by describing real-world contexts.
Tested by 9 questions, printed 12 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 6)
See the 9 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.2b Rational number division
Understand that integers can be divided, provided that the divisor is not zero, and every quotient of integers (with non-zero divisor) is a rational number. If p and q are integers, then –(p/q) = (–p)/q = p/(–q). Interpret quotients of rational numbers by describing real-world contexts.
Tested by 8 questions, printed 11 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 7)
See the 8 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.2c Properties for multiplying and dividing
Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide rational numbers.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 4)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.2d Fractions to decimals by long division
Convert a fraction to a decimal using long division; know that the decimal form of a rational number terminates in 0s or eventually repeats.
Tested by 6 questions, printed 10 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 4)
See the 6 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.NS.3 Four operations with rational numbers
Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving the four operations with rational numbers.
Tested by 17 questions, printed 28 times. (2018: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2026: 10)
See the 17 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities
7.EE.1 Linear expressions with rational coefficients
Add, subtract, factor, and expand linear expressions with rational coefficients by applying the properties of operations.
Tested by 18 questions, printed 28 times. (2018: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2026: 8)
See the 18 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.EE.2 Rewriting expressions to show relationships
Understand that rewriting an expression in different forms in real-world and mathematical problems can reveal and explain how the quantities are related.
Tested by 6 questions, printed 12 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 4)
See the 6 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.EE.3 Multi-step rational number problems
Solve multi-step real-world and mathematical problems posed with positive and negative rational numbers in any form (whole numbers, fractions, and decimals), using tools strategically. Apply properties of operations to calculate with numbers in any form; convert between forms as appropriate. Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies.
Tested by 7 questions, printed 11 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 5)
See the 7 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.EE.4 Equations and inequalities from problems
Use variables to represent quantities in a real-world or mathematical problem, and construct simple equations and inequalities to solve problems by reasoning about the quantities.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 21 times. (2018: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2026: 8)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.EE.4a Two-step equations
Solve word problems leading to equations of the form px + q = r and p(x + q) = r, where p, q, and r are rational numbers. Solve equations of these forms fluently. Compare an algebraic solution to an arithmetic solution, identifying the sequence of the operations used in each approach.
Tested by 23 questions, printed 36 times. (2018: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2026: 14)
See the 23 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.EE.4b Two-step inequalities
Solve word problems leading to inequalities of the form px + q > r, px + q ≥ r, px + q ≤ r, or px + q < r, where p, q, and r are rational numbers. Graph the solution set of the inequality on the number line and interpret it in the context of the problem.
Tested by 17 questions, printed 25 times. (2018: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2026: 11)
See the 17 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Geometry
7.G.1 Scale drawings
Solve problems involving scale drawings of geometric figures, including computing actual lengths and areas from a scale drawing and reproducing a scale drawing at a different scale.
Tested by 6 questions, printed 10 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 3)
See the 6 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.G.3 Slicing three-dimensional solids
Describe the two-dimensional shapes that result from slicing three-dimensional solids parallel or perpendicular to the base.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2026: 1)
7.G.4 Circle area and circumference
Apply the formulas for the area and circumference of a circle to solve problems.
Tested by 10 questions, printed 15 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 7)
See the 10 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.G.5 Angle relationships and equations
Use facts about supplementary, complementary, vertical, and adjacent angles in a multi-step problem to write and solve simple equations for an unknown angle in a figure.
Tested by 7 questions, printed 11 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 5)
See the 7 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.G.6 Area, surface area, and volume
Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area of two-dimensional objects composed of triangles and trapezoids. Solve surface area problems involving right prisms and right pyramids composed of triangles and trapezoids. Find the volume of right triangular prisms, and solve volume problems involving three-dimensional objects composed of right rectangular prisms.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Statistics and Probability
7.SP.1 Box plots and interquartile range
Construct and interpret box-plots, find the interquartile range, and determine if a data point is an outlier.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 4 times. (2024: 2 · 2026: 2)
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7.SP.4 Comparative inferences about populations
Use measures of center and measures of variability for quantitative data from random samples or populations to draw informal comparative inferences about the populations.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2024: 1)
7.SP.8a Compound event as fraction of outcomes
Understand that, just as with simple events, the probability of a compound event is the fraction of outcomes in the sample space for which the compound event occurs.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 15 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 7)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7.SP.8b Sample spaces for compound events
Represent sample spaces for compound events using methods such as organized lists, sample space tables, and tree diagrams. For an event described in everyday language, identify the outcomes in the sample space which compose the event.
Tested by 20 questions, printed 34 times. (2018: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2026: 13)
See the 20 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 8: Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities
8.EE.1 Integer exponent properties
Know and apply the properties of integer exponents to generate equivalent numerical expressions.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2026: 1)
8.EE.2 Square and cube roots
Use square root and cube root symbols to represent solutions to equations of the form x² = p and x³ = p, where p is a positive rational number. Know square roots of perfect squares up to 225 and cube roots of perfect cubes up to 125. Know that the square root of a non-perfect square is irrational.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2024: 1)
8.EE.7 Linear equations in one variable
Solve linear equations in one variable.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 5 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
8.EE.7b Linear equations with rational coefficients
Solve linear equations with rational number coefficients, including equations whose solutions require expanding expressions using the distributive property and combining like terms.
Tested by 10 questions, printed 17 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 8)
See the 10 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
8.EE.8c Systems in real-world problems
Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving systems of two linear equations in two variables with integer coefficients.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 6 times. (2018: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 8: Functions
8.F.4 Modeling with linear functions
Construct a function to model a linear relationship between two quantities. Determine the rate of change and initial value of the function from a description of a relationship or from two (x, y) values, including reading these from a table or from a graph. Interpret the rate of change and initial value of a linear function in terms of the situation it models, and in terms of its graph or a table of values.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2024: 1)
Grade 8: Geometry
8.G.4 Similarity and dilations
Know that a two-dimensional figure is similar to another if the corresponding angles are congruent and the corresponding sides are in proportion. Equivalently, two two-dimensional figures are similar if one is the image of the other after a sequence of rotations, reflections, translations, and dilations. Given two similar two-dimensional figures, describe a sequence that maps the similarity between them on the coordinate plane.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2024: 1)
8.G.5 Angle sums, transversals, angle-angle similarity
Use informal arguments to establish facts about the angle sum and exterior angle of triangles, about the angles created when parallel lines are cut by a transversal, and the angle-angle criterion for similarity of triangles.
Tested by 5 questions, printed 9 times. (2018: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 5)
See the 5 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
45 standards no released question has tested
- 6.NS.6 Understand a rational number as a point on the number line. Use number lines and coordinate axes to represent points on a number line and in the coordinate plane with negative number coordinates.
- 6.NS.6a Recognize opposite signs of numbers as indicating locations on opposite sides of 0 on the number line. Recognize that the opposite of the opposite of a number is the number itself, and that 0 is its own opposite.
- 6.NS.6b Understand signs of numbers in ordered pairs as indicating locations in quadrants of the coordinate plane. Recognize that when two ordered pairs differ only by signs, the locations of the points are related by reflections across one or both axes.
- 6.NS.8 Solve real-world and mathematical problems by graphing points on a coordinate plane. Include use of coordinates and absolute value to find distances between points with the same first coordinate or the same second coordinate.
- 6.EE.2 Write, read, and evaluate expressions in which letters stand for numbers.
- 6.SP.1a Recognize that a statistical question is one that anticipates variability in the data related to the question and accounts for it in the answers.
- 6.SP.1c Understand that the method and sample size used to collect data for a particular question is intended to reduce the difference between a population and a sample taken from the population so valid inferences can be drawn about the population. Generate multiple samples (or simulated samples) of the same size to recognize the variation in estimates or predictions.
- 6.SP.2 Understand that a set of quantitative data collected to answer a statistical question has a distribution which can be described by its center, spread, and overall shape.
- 6.SP.4 Display quantitative data in plots on a number line, including dot plots, and histograms.
- 6.SP.5b Describe the nature of the attribute under investigation, including how it was measured and its units of measurement.
- 6.SP.5d Relate the range and the choice of measures of center to the shape of the data distribution and the context in which the data were gathered.
- 7.RP.2 Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.
- 7.NS.1 Apply and extend previous understandings of addition and subtraction to add and subtract rational numbers. Represent addition and subtraction on a horizontal or vertical number line.
- 7.NS.2 Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division and of fractions to multiply and divide rational numbers.
- 7.G.2 Draw triangles when given measures of angles and/or sides, noticing when the conditions determine a unique triangle, more than one triangle, or no triangle.
- 7.SP.3 Informally assess the degree of visual overlap of two quantitative data distributions.
- 7.SP.8 Find probabilities of compound events using organized lists, sample space tables, tree diagrams, and simulation.
- 7.SP.8c Design and use a simulation to generate frequencies for compound events.
- 8.NS.1 Understand informally that every number has a decimal expansion; for rational numbers show that the decimal expansion eventually repeats. Know that other numbers that are not rational are called irrational.
- 8.NS.2 Use rational approximations of irrational numbers to compare the size of irrational numbers, locate them approximately on a number line, and estimate the value of expressions.
- 8.EE.3 Use numbers expressed in the form of a single digit times an integer power of 10 to estimate very large or very small quantities, and to express how many times as much one is than the other.
- 8.EE.4 Perform multiplication and division with numbers expressed in scientific notation, including problems where both standard decimal form and scientific notation are used. Use scientific notation and choose units of appropriate size for measurements of very large or very small quantities. Interpret scientific notation that has been generated by technology.
- 8.EE.5 Graph proportional relationships, interpreting the unit rate as the slope of the graph. Compare two different proportional relationships represented in different ways.
- 8.EE.6 Use similar triangles to explain why the slope m is the same between any two distinct points on a non-vertical line in the coordinate plane; derive the equation y = mx for a line through the origin and the equation y = mx + b for a line intercepting the vertical axis at b.
- 8.EE.7a Recognize when linear equations in one variable have one solution, infinitely many solutions, or no solutions. Give examples and show which of these possibilities is the case by successively transforming the given equation into simpler forms.
- 8.EE.8 Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
- 8.EE.8a Understand that solutions to a system of two linear equations in two variables correspond to points of intersection of their graphs, because points of intersection satisfy both equations simultaneously. Recognize when the system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
- 8.EE.8b Solve systems of two linear equations in two variables with integer coefficients: graphically, numerically using a table, and algebraically. Solve simple cases by inspection.
- 8.F.1 Understand that a function is a rule that assigns to each input exactly one output. The graph of a function is the set of ordered pairs consisting of an input and the corresponding output.
- 8.F.2 Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions).
- 8.F.3 Interpret the equation y = mx + b as defining a linear function, whose graph is a straight line. Recognize examples of functions that are linear and non-linear.
- 8.F.5 Describe qualitatively the functional relationship between two quantities by analyzing a graph. Sketch a graph that exhibits the qualitative features of a function that has been described in a real-world context.
- 8.G.1 Verify experimentally the properties of rotations, reflections, and translations.
- 8.G.1a Verify experimentally lines are mapped to lines, and line segments to line segments of the same length.
- 8.G.1b Verify experimentally angles are mapped to angles of the same measure.
- 8.G.1c Verify experimentally parallel lines are mapped to parallel lines.
- 8.G.2 Know that a two-dimensional figure is congruent to another if the corresponding angles are congruent and the corresponding sides are congruent. Equivalently, two two-dimensional figures are congruent if one is the image of the other after a sequence of rotations, reflections, and translations. Given two congruent figures, describe a sequence that maps the congruence between them on the coordinate plane.
- 8.G.3 Describe the effect of dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections on two-dimensional figures using coordinates.
- 8.G.6 Understand a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse.
- 8.G.7 Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to determine unknown side lengths in right triangles in real-world and mathematical problems in two and three dimensions.
- 8.G.8 Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to find the distance between two points in a coordinate system.
- 8.G.9 Given the formulas for the volume of cones, cylinders, and spheres, solve mathematical and real-world problems.
- 8.SP.1 Construct and interpret scatter plots for bivariate measurement data to investigate patterns of association between two quantities. Describe patterns such as clustering, outliers, positive or negative association, linear association, and nonlinear association.
- 8.SP.2 Understand that straight lines are widely used to model relationships between two quantitative variables. For scatter plots that suggest a linear association, informally fit a straight line, and informally assess the model fit by judging the closeness of the data points to the line.
- 8.SP.3 Use the equation of a linear model to solve problems in the context of bivariate measurement data, interpreting the slope and intercept.
English Language Arts
Official text: 6-8 Next Generation ELA Standards at a Glance (opens in a new window) · New York State Next Generation English Language Arts Learning Standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Reading
7R1 Textual evidence and inferences
Cite textual evidence to support an analysis of what the text says explicitly/implicitly and make logical inferences.
Tested by 127 questions, printed 178 times. (2018: 39 · 2024: 39 · 2025: 40 · 2026: 60)
See the 127 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7R2 Theme or central idea
Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; summarize a text.
Tested by 76 questions, printed 112 times. (2018: 23 · 2024: 26 · 2025: 26 · 2026: 37)
See the 76 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7R3 Plot elements and ideas
In literary texts, analyze how elements of plot are related, affect one another, and contribute to meaning. In informational texts, analyze how individuals, events, and ideas are introduced, relate to each other, and are developed.
Tested by 87 questions, printed 129 times. (2018: 18 · 2024: 23 · 2025: 37 · 2026: 51)
See the 87 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7R4 Word meaning and choice
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. Analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and mood, including words with multiple meanings.
Tested by 72 questions, printed 107 times. (2018: 20 · 2024: 19 · 2025: 24 · 2026: 44)
See the 72 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7R5 Structure and genre features
In literary texts, analyze how structure, including genre-specific features, contributes to the development of themes and central ideas. In informational texts, analyze the structure an author uses to organize a text, including how the sections contribute to the whole and to the development of themes and central ideas.
Tested by 102 questions, printed 148 times. (2018: 30 · 2024: 29 · 2025: 32 · 2026: 57)
See the 102 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7R6 Point of view and author position
In literary texts, analyze how an author develops and contrasts the point of view and the perspectives of different characters or narrators. In informational texts, analyze how the author distinguishes his or her position from that of others.
Tested by 42 questions, printed 60 times. (2018: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2025: 9 · 2026: 25)
See the 42 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7R8 Evaluating arguments and claims
Trace and evaluate the development of an argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and the evidence is relevant and sufficient and recognizing when irrelevant evidence is introduced.
Tested by 19 questions, printed 22 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 7)
See the 19 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Writing
7W1a Introducing claims and counterclaims
Introduce a precise claim, acknowledge and distinguish the claim from a counterclaim, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 3 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 1)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W1b Supporting claims with evidence
Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using credible sources while demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 3 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W1c Precise language for arguments
Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to argue a claim.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2024: 1)
7W1d Transitions in arguments
Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2018: 1)
7W1e Concluding an argument
Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the argument presented.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 2 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 1)
See the 2 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W1f Argument style and tone
Maintain a style and tone appropriate to the writing task.
Tested by 1 question, printed 1 times. (2018: 1)
7W2a Introducing and organizing a topic
Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect.
Tested by 8 questions, printed 15 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2026: 6)
See the 8 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W2b Developing a topic
Develop a topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aid comprehension.
Tested by 8 questions, printed 14 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 7)
See the 8 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W2d Transitions in informative writing
Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Tested by 9 questions, printed 15 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 8)
See the 9 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W2e Concluding informative writing
Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the information presented.
Tested by 4 questions, printed 7 times. (2018: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 4 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7W2f Informative writing style
Establish and maintain a style appropriate to the writing task.
Tested by 3 questions, printed 4 times. (2025: 1 · 2026: 3)
See the 3 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
Grade 7: Language
7L1 Grammar and usage conventions
Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
Tested by 19 questions, printed 32 times. (2018: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2026: 13)
See the 19 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7L2 Capitalization, punctuation, and spelling
Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
Tested by 11 questions, printed 16 times. (2018: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 5)
See the 11 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7L3 Knowledge of language
Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
Tested by 2 questions, printed 2 times. (2026: 2)
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7L3a Precise and concise language
Choose language that expresses ideas precisely and concisely, recognizing and eliminating wordiness and redundancy.
Tested by 12 questions, printed 14 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2026: 6)
See the 12 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7L4a Context clues
Use context as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
Tested by 8 questions, printed 10 times. (2018: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 5)
See the 8 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7L4b Greek and Latin affixes and roots
Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word.
Tested by 1 question, printed 2 times. (2025: 1 · 2026: 1)
7L5 Figurative language and word relationships
Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
Tested by 14 questions, printed 22 times. (2018: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2026: 9)
See the 14 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7L5a Interpreting allusions
Interpret figurative language, including allusions, in context.
Tested by 9 questions, printed 13 times. (2018: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 4)
See the 9 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
7L5c Connotation and denotation
Distinguish among the connotations of words with similar denotations.
Tested by 12 questions, printed 18 times. (2018: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2026: 6)
See the 12 questions · Official standards (opens in a new window)
85 standards no released question has tested
- 6R1 Cite textual evidence to support an analysis of what the text says explicitly/implicitly and make logical inferences.
- 6R2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and how it is developed by key supporting details over the course of a text; summarize a text.
- 6R3 In literary texts, describe how events unfold, as well as how characters respond or change as the plot moves toward a resolution. In informational texts, analyze how individuals, events, and ideas are introduced, relate to each other, and are developed.
- 6R4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. Analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and mood, including words with multiple meanings.
- 6R5 In literary texts, analyze how a particular sentence, paragraph, stanza, chapter, scene, or section fits into the overall structure of a text and how it contributes to the development of theme/central idea, setting, or plot. In informational texts, analyze how a particular sentence, paragraph, chapter, or section fits into the overall structure of a text and how it contributes to the development of theme/central ideas.
- 6R6 In literary texts, identify the point of view and explain how it is developed and conveys meaning. In informational texts, explain how an author’s geographic location or culture affects his or her perspective.
- 6R7 Compare and contrast how different formats, including print and digital media, contribute to the understanding of a subject.
- 6R8 Trace and evaluate the development of an argument and specific claims in texts, distinguishing claims that are supported by reasons and relevant evidence from claims that are not.
- 6R9 Use established criteria in order to evaluate the quality of texts. Make connections to other texts, ideas, cultural perspectives, eras, and personal experiences.
- 6W1 Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
- 6W1a Introduce a precise claim, acknowledge and distinguish the claim from a counterclaim, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.
- 6W1b Support claim(s) with clear reasons and relevant evidence, using credible sources while demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.
- 6W1c Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to argue a claim.
- 6W1d Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
- 6W1e Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the argument presented.
- 6W1f Maintain a style and tone appropriate to the writing task.
- 6W2 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
- 6W2a Introduce a topic clearly; organize ideas, concepts, and information using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect.
- 6W2b Develop a topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aid comprehension.
- 6W2c Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to explain a topic.
- 6W2d Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
- 6W2e Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the information presented.
- 6W2f Establish and maintain a style appropriate to the writing task.
- 6L1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
- 6L2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
- 6L3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
- 6L3a Vary sentence patterns for meaning, reader/listener interest, and style.
- 6L3b Maintain consistency in style and tone.
- 6L4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
- 6L4a Use context as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
- 6L4b Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word.
- 6L4c Consult reference materials to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.
- 6L4d Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase.
- 6L5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
- 6L5a Interpret figurative language, including personification, in context.
- 6L5b Use the relationship between particular words to better understand each of the words.
- 6L5c Distinguish among the connotations of words with similar denotations.
- 6L6 Acquire and accurately use general academic and content-specific words and phrases; apply vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.
- 7R7 Compare and contrast a written text with audio, filmed, staged, or digital versions in order to analyze the effects of techniques unique to each media and each format’s portrayal of a subject.
- 7R9 Use established criteria in order to evaluate the quality of texts. Make connections to other texts, ideas, cultural perspectives, eras, and personal experiences.
- 7W1 Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
- 7W2 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
- 7W2c Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to explain a topic.
- 7L4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
- 7L4c Consult general and specialized reference materials, both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.
- 7L4d Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase.
- 7L5b Use the relationship between particular words to better understand each of the words.
- 7L6 Acquire and accurately use general academic and content-specific words and phrases; apply vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.
- 8R1 Cite textual evidence to strongly support an analysis of what the text says explicitly/implicitly and make logical inferences.
- 8R2 Determine one or more themes or central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text; summarize a text.
- 8R3 In literary texts, analyze how particular lines of dialogue or events propel the action, reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision. In informational texts, analyze how individuals, events, and ideas are introduced, relate to each other, and are developed.
- 8R4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. Analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and mood, including words with multiple meanings.
- 8R5 In literary texts, and informational texts, compare and contrast the structures of two or more texts in order to analyze how the differing structure of each text contributes to overall meaning, style, theme or central idea.
- 8R6 In literary texts, analyze how the differences between the point of view, perspectives of the characters, the audience, or reader create effects such as mood and tone. In informational texts, analyze how the author addresses conflicting evidence or viewpoints.
- 8R7 Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using different media – text, audio, video, stage, or digital – to present a particular subject or idea and analyze the extent to which a production remains faithful to or departs from the written text.
- 8R8 Trace and evaluate an argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and the evidence is relevant and sufficient and recognizing when irrelevant evidence is introduced.
- 8R9 Choose and develop criteria in order to evaluate the quality of texts. Make connections to other texts, ideas, cultural perspectives, eras, and personal experiences.
- 8W1 Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
- 8W1a Introduce precise claim(s), acknowledge and distinguish the claim(s) from a counterclaim, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.
- 8W1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using credible sources while demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.
- 8W1c Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to argue a claim.
- 8W1d Use appropriate and varied transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
- 8W1e Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the argument presented.
- 8W1f Maintain a style and tone appropriate to the writing task.
- 8W2 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
- 8W2a Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect.
- 8W2b Develop a topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aid comprehension.
- 8W2c Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to explain a topic.
- 8W2d Use appropriate and varied transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
- 8W2e Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the information presented.
- 8W2f Establish and maintain a style appropriate to the writing task.
- 8L1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
- 8L2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
- 8L3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
- 8L3a Use verbs in the active and passive voice and in the conditional and subjunctive mood to achieve particular effects.
- 8L4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
- 8L4a Use context as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
- 8L4b Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word.
- 8L4c Consult general and specialized reference materials to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.
- 8L4d Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase.
- 8L5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
- 8L5a Interpret figures of speech including irony and puns in context.
- 8L5b Use the relationship between particular words to better understand each of the words.
- 8L5c Distinguish among the connotations of words with similar denotations.
- 8L6 Acquire and accurately use general academic and content-specific words and phrases; apply vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.