Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”

2023 Handbook

2023 Test B English · Question 10 of 57

Also in 2022 Test A English, question 31.

Passage Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”

Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”

by Mandalit Del Barco

“La Cocina” means “the kitchen” in Spanish. It’s also the name of a business incubator1 based in San Francisco’s Mission District. Since it began in 2005, it’s been helping local food entrepreneurs, many of whom are low-income immigrant women, develop their small businesses.

Over the years, many of its alumni have found success: more than 50 chefs in its program have become self-sufficient business owners, and many of them have opened their own brick-and-mortar restaurants. Two alumnae of its culinary program . . . were even recognized as semi-finalists for prestigious James Beard awards.2

A new cookbook, We Are La Cocina: Recipes in Pursuit of the American Dream, tells some of their stories.

Executive director Caleb Zigas says the nonprofit La Cocina grew out of two grassroots economic development organizations3 who found many people cooking at their homes and selling food on the streets. The vendors needed an affordable commercial kitchen space and technical assistance in order for their businesses to be legally viable. La Cocina provided just such a space, in addition to helping them develop business plans, pull city permits and more.

Zigas says as many as eight businesses can work in the kitchen space at La Cocina at any one time. Some can prep for a farmers’ market sale, corporate catering gigs or weddings, while others might be making and packaging their food products.

“It’s just an incredible and exciting range of techniques, flavors, perspectives, age, language. And that’s a really beautiful thing,” he says. . . .

Twice a year, La Cocina hosts “F&B: Voices from the Kitchen,” a storytelling project where their chefs can tell their own stories, as they do in the new cookbook. Some of the chefs will be on tour to promote the book, whose proceeds will go to support La Cocina entrepreneurs.

NPR4 caught up with . . . La Cocina chefs, who shared their stories:

Mariko Grady, Aedan Fermented Foods

At La Cocina, you can often hear Mariko Grady singing or humming as she prepares miso, koji, and amasake. Her fermented products come in four different flavors, including mushroom and chicken, to be used in soups and sauces. She originally brought the fermenting rice and barley koji seeds from Japan, where she had a 30-year career as a singer and dancer with the prestigious modern theatrical dance group she founded, Pappa Tarahumara. They performed around the world, and 16 years ago, had a one-night show in San Francisco. The man who would become her husband was in the audience. She soon joined him in San Francisco, often returning to Tokyo to rehearse. But after the earthquake and tsunami hit Japan in 2011, her company disbanded. . . . Grady focused on nourishing her family and creating a line of fermented products that she sells online, at local Bay Area stores and at the Ferry Plaza Farmers Market. She began at La Cocina in 2012 and named her business after her son, Aedan. (Written in Kanji characters, the name means “wisdom” and “handed down from generation to generation.”) . . . Her fermented products are “also full of wisdom about how to relate to nature and how to create a healthy life,” she says. . . .

Shani Jones, Peaches Patties

Shani Jones is a native San Franciscan. Her father was born in New Orleans, her mother, in Jamaica. She says their home was always filled with a variety of spices and dishes like jerk chicken and Jamaican patties—savory pastries filled with beef or chicken. Jones says she learned to cook from her mother, whose nickname was Peaches. After returning from college in Atlanta, Jones worked on her doctorate in organizational leadership and management while driving a Lyft5 car. She often told passengers about her idea of opening a catering company with her mom’s recipes. They steered her to La Cocina, where she developed her own business, named after her mother. Five years later, she caters and runs a kiosk6 at a small food cooperative in Bernal Heights, where some of her handmade patties have an Ethiopian twist, “because my husband is Ethiopian.” Jones has big aspirations for Peaches Patties: “The ultimate goal,” she says, “is to be the patty kingpin7 of the West Coast.”

From “The Food Business Incubator That Helps Immigrant Women Pursue The American Dream” by Mandalit Del Barco from WEEKEND EDITION SUNDAY, June 19, 2019. Copyright © 2019 NPR.

QUALIFICATIONS FOR LA COCINA APPLICANTS

Level of IncomeLa Cocina considers assets and access to opportunity when screening applicants. La Cocina’s mission is to support entrepreneurs who face barriers to becoming successful in the food industry. Applicants must be classified as low- or very-low-income earners according to the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Guidelines for San Francisco.
Business PlanApplicants must have a business plan that is ready to be put into action. La Cocina will help applicants refine an existing business plan. Applicants without a business plan should contact one of La Cocina’s partner organizations for guidance in developing one.
Viable ProductThe applicant’s food must not only be delicious but also stand out. For a business to make a profit, there also has to be a market for the food.
Entrepreneurial Work EthicLa Cocina is excited to work with entrepreneurs who are motivated and passionate about growing their business. Succeeding in the food industry requires a lot of heart and hard work.
Community SpiritThe 30+ entrepreneurs who share La Cocina’s kitchen are from many different backgrounds. La Cocina values the community it has created and expects each entrepreneur to be active in bringing the spirit of La Cocina to the wider world.
In order to succeed in the La Cocina kitchen, accepted applicants must be flexible and willing to work closely with others.

Source: La Cocina

1business incubator: company that helps new and startup companies develop by providing services such as management training and office space

2James Beard awards: an award named after American cook and author James Beard, considered one of the highest honors in the culinary industry

3economic development organizations: organizations whose mission is to promote economic improvement within a specific geographical area

4NPR: National Public Radio, a nonprofit media organization that produces and distributes news and cultural programming

5Lyft: ride-sharing company where people use their own cars to provide rides to customers

6kiosk: cart or small structure with one or more open sides that is used to vend merchandise or services

7kingpin: the leader in a group or undertaking

Question

Read this sentence from paragraph 2.

Two alumnae of its culinary program . . . were even recognized as semi-finalists for prestigious James Beard awards.

The words “recognized” and “prestigious” in the sentence convey that La Cocina

  • Amakes an effort to identify chefs who have a strong entrepreneurial work ethic.
  • Bhas the ability to mentor chefs to reach the highest levels of achievement in their craft.
  • Cis focused on establishing local food entrepreneurs as celebrated professionals in their industry.
  • Dis dedicated to assisting chefs in developing new and innovative products.
Show the answer

Correct answer: B

The question asks what the words “recognized” and “prestigious” convey about La Cocina.

A. Incorrect. While later information indicates that La Cocina bases its choices on the work ethic of entrepreneurs as well as their financial needs, the use of the words “recognized” and “prestigious” in the context of the sentence is not related to the work ethic of the chefs.

B. CORRECT. The fact that alumni of the La Cocina program have received recognition as semi-finalists for prestigious awards shows that La Cocina has helped members of its program achieve at the highest level.

C. Incorrect. As paragraph 1 indicates, La Cocina focuses on helping local food entrepreneurs develop their small businesses. While some participants in the program have earned official recognition, La Cocina is not primarily focused on establishing entrepreneurs as celebrated professionals.

D. Incorrect. La Cocina assists chefs with the development of their small businesses, not necessarily with their development of specific products.

Question analysis

This word-choice question quotes a sentence from paragraph 2 of “The Food Business Incubator,” an NPR article about La Cocina, a San Francisco program for food entrepreneurs: two alumnae of its culinary program were recognized as semi-finalists for prestigious James Beard awards. Students decide what the words “recognized” and “prestigious” convey about La Cocina itself, and several choices sound like fair praise for any cooking program.

NYS standards
  • 7R4 word meaning and choice
  • 7L5c connotation and denotation
Grade level
Grade 7 reading and task
Compared with grade 7
Above grade 7 Judging the connotation of two words is regular grade 7 work, and the sentence is printed with the question. Here students must then turn the words’ praise of two chefs into a claim about the organization, choosing between close statements, which goes beyond typical demand.
Estimated difficulty
Hard: combines ideas, needs a plan, and has more than one tempting wrong answer.
Evidence
Answered from one paragraph or stanza
Reading level
Passage: about grade 10, 1057 words; question and choices: about grade 10, 86 words.
Students, last 30 days
Not enough answers yet to show (it takes 10).
Why it is hard, traps and wrong answers (shows the answer)

Why it is hard

The two words are plainly positive, so the challenge is not their tone but what they say about the organization rather than the two chefs. Students must decide whether an honor reached by alumnae shows a capability of La Cocina or a goal it pursues, and the excerpt’s own statement of its focus, helping entrepreneurs develop small businesses, rules out the goal. The other choices attach the words to the table’s work-ethic and product rows, which the sentence never touches.

  1. Reading between the lines moderate Working it out

    The sentence praises two alumnae, not La Cocina; students must reason that if former members became semi-finalists for “prestigious” awards, the program that trained them can bring chefs to the top of their field. (Graesser, Singer & Trabasso, 1994; Kintsch, 1998)

  2. A very close wrong answer moderate Choosing the answer

    The choice about celebrated professionals and the right one both read the awards as chefs reaching the top; they differ in whether that shows what La Cocina can do or what it is focused on. (Embretson & Wetzel, 1987; Gorin & Embretson, 2006; Ascalon et al., 2007)

  3. The right answer is reworded minor Choosing the answer

    The right choice uses words the excerpt never does, “mentor” and “highest levels of achievement,” while wrong ones borrow its own: the table’s “entrepreneurial work ethic,” paragraph 1’s “local food entrepreneurs,” paragraph 5’s “food products.” (Freedle & Kostin, 1993; Kirsch & Mosenthal, 1990)

Strategy: Say what the two words add to the plain fact that two former members reached an awards list, then test each choice against paragraph 1’s account of what La Cocina actually sets out to do.

Traps

The wrong answers, classified

How the questions are analyzed, and the research behind it

Working it out, step by step

  1. Figure out what the question asks

    This question is about word choice. Two words, “recognized” and “prestigious,” add meaning to a sentence. You must decide what they show about La Cocina, the program itself, not just about two of its chefs.

  2. Look at the sentence in paragraph 2

    Paragraph 2 says that two alumnae of the program “were even recognized as semi-finalists for prestigious James Beard awards.” Alumnae are women who once took part in a program. Here, recognized means honored. Prestigious means highly respected. Footnote 2 says these awards are “considered one of the highest honors in the culinary industry.” Culinary means having to do with cooking.

  3. Work out what the words show

    Two women trained by La Cocina came close to one of the top prizes in cooking. That says something about the program that taught them. It can bring its chefs near the very top of their field. The small word “even” adds pride. It tells you this honor is something special.

  4. Check each choice

    • A is wrong. Here “recognized” does not mean picked out by La Cocina. The award judges did the honoring. Work ethic never comes up.
    • B is right. To mentor means to guide and teach. A craft is a skill, like cooking. The honors show La Cocina can guide chefs to great heights in their craft.
    • C is wrong. Fame is not what La Cocina aims for. Paragraph 1 says it helps cooks “develop their small businesses.”
    • D is wrong. The sentence is about honors for chefs. It says nothing about inventing new products.

    Watch out: C is tempting, since awards do make chefs celebrated, or famous. But C claims fame is La Cocina’s focus, and the excerpt never says so.

  5. Choose the answer

    The two words show that La Cocina can help the chefs it trains rise near the top of their craft. So the answer is B.

Why this answer and not the closest wrong one

C comes nearest to being right. It reads the honor as La Cocina’s main goal. B reads it as proof of what La Cocina can do. Paragraph 1 names the real goal, building small businesses. So the award shows a strength of the program, not its purpose.

The original DOE question

Question 10 as printed on page 160 of the DOE handbook.
As printed in the DOE’s NYC Guide to the Specialized High Schools Admissions Test (SHSAT) for 2024 Admissions, page 160, question 10. Open page 160 of the handbook (PDF) The handbook letters this question’s choices E–H; here they are A–D (E = A, F = B, G = C, H = D).
The passage “Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”” as printed (pages 158–160)The passage “Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”” as printed on page 158 of the DOE handbook.The passage “Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”” as printed on page 159 of the DOE handbook.The passage “Excerpt from “The Food Business Incubator”” as printed on page 160 of the DOE handbook.